DOC HOW DO I LOSE WEIGHT?

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A Simple Guide to your weight loss program involve 2 main components:
1.Control Diet
2.Burn up Calories

Control Diet
1.) Drink More Water

Drinking water 8 to 10 times each day to stay hydrated and healthy. Once you get started, you will begin to crave water.

Start with a glass of water first thing in the morning before you eat. If you really do not like the taste of water, try adding a few drops of lemon or lime to your water but no sugar or sweetener! Ice also helps.

One of the best weight loss secrets is to avoid the sweet drinks and the sodas which are all calorie laden. Instead grab a refreshing glass of water.

Besides flushing toxins and waste material out of your system, drinking water encourages you to build muscle.

Drinking a glass of water after very meal will help you get in your 8 to 10 glasses of water each day but it can also have other benefits.If you feel hungry after a smaller meal, try drinking water after the meal. The water will help you feel full and prevent further eating.

2.) Eat More Small Meals

Do not skip breakfast each morning even if you will have to go bed earlier 20 minutes each night to wake up for a proper breakfast! Breakfast is the most important meal of the day and will contribute to your good health and to weight control.

Eating breakfast is not only good for overall weight loss, it will help you control your diet the rest of the day. You will less likely to eat something sweet and in the bread group if you skip breakfast.

Keep a couple of hard-boiled eggs in the fridge or some high-fiber, low starch fruit around to take for breakfast. Breakfast is the best time to take fruits.

You will feel better and lose weight quicker if you eat a large breakfast and eat a smaller dinner. Try and eat the majority of your carbohydrates earlier in the day, leaving a salad and lean meat protein for dinner.

By eating larger meals during the part of the day when you are most active will help you to feel less hungry throughout the day and stop cravings for unhealthy snacks.

Traditional three-large-meals-a-day plan will not help your body to burn up large meals and any excess will be turned into fat. Many nutritionist believe you should eat six small meals a day. You should cut back on your food consumption at each meal, or else you will be doubling your intake of calories!

Just like eating breakfast will increase your metabolism, so will eating small meals more often. This will also help you reduce the total carbohydrate intake by making sure that your meals are planned and occur regularly throughout the day.

3.) Consider eating a salmon or fish during breakfast

This is one way to work in Omega-3 fatty acids that are good for you and add some variety to your daily diet. After a time you may tire of eating eggs and bacon for breakfast. Eating a salmon or fish will give you the protein and healthy fish oils you need.

4.)Avoid White Foods

Anything which is made from sugar, flour, potatoes, rice or corn – just avoid. Always look for colorful fruits and veggies to substitute for the white foods. Buy broccoli, lettuce, bell peppers, green beans and peas, brown rice in moderation, leafy greens like kale and spinach, apples, melons, oranges and grapes.

Fruits and vegetables are not only colorful but they are also high in fiber, nutrients and important antioxidants. Eating colorful fruits and vegetables will give your diet variety as well as healthy benefits with their fresh vitamins, minerals and fiber. Most people will find some vegetables that they enjoy eating. Vegetarians have food that looks and taste as good as meat .They are actually made out of soya bean and flour.

5.) Choose Protein

Choose protein-laden foods for boosting your metabolism and enabling your body to burn fat rapidly. In addition to burning fat, consuming a protein-enriched diet will help you rebuild muscle after work outs and maintain leanness of that muscle. Wisely choose proteins for your diet. Take great care to pick proteins low in fat so you do not consume extra calories. Proteins are important in keeping you fit and healthy.

6.)Eat more protein at every meal

Eating protein helps you burn more calories. This iss because protein is made up mainly of amino acids, which are harder to breakdown in your body so you burn more calories getting rid of them.

Eating a protein rich snack can help you to lose weight.

Eating protein will also help you feel full so that you have less craving for unhealthy snacks.

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DOC I HAVE DIVERTICULOSIS

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Diverticulosis are pouches in the wall of the colon.

Main symptoms are abdominal pain and bloating and constipation.

Treatment is mainly by control of diet, prevention of constipation and antispasmodics for pain.

Rarely diverticulitis  a infection of the colon pouches may be needed to be treated with antibiotics.

Generally prognosis is good.

Diverticulosis is a disorder of the colon or large intestine where there are one or more sac-like pouches(called diverticula) in the walls of the colon.

It is more common in the descending and sigmoid colon.

Diverticulosis becomes more obvious with age.
50% of people over the age 0f 60 years have Diverticulosis.

The exact cause of Diverticulosis is not known.

It has been suggested that a low-fiber diet is the main cause of diverticular disease.

Diverticulosis is common in developed countries where low-fiber diets are common whereas it is rare in Asia and Africa where people eat high-fiber vegetable diets.

Fiber prevents constipation which can make the muscles strain and increase pressure in the colon.

This increased pressure makes the weak spots in the colon lining to bulge out like pouches and become diverticula.

Most cases of Diverticulosis have no or little symptoms.

In the more severe cases, the main symptoms of Diverticulosis are:

1.Abdominal pain or cramps-usually over the left side or over the lower abdomen

2.Bloating

3.constipation

The symptoms can range from mild to severe.

Diagnosis of Diverticulosis is made by:

1.A history of abdominal pain especially on the left lower abdomen, bloating and constipation

2.The physical exam consists of
a.palpation of the left abdomen for tenderness or masses
b.digital rectal exam to detect tenderness or blood.

3.stool may be tested for blood

4.blood tests(WBC,ESR,bood culture) are done for evidence of infection.

5.Xrays of the abdomen and barium enema may be done to show evidence of pouches in the colon

6.Colonoscopy is also done to confirm evidence of diverticulosis and exclude malignant tumours.

Complications of Diverticulosis are:

1.Diverticulitis
Diverticulitis occurs when diverticula become infected with bacteria, viruses or become inflamed.
Bacteria are caught in the pouches and develops into diverticulitis suddenly.

The symptoms and signs of diverticulitis are:
1.abdominal pain usually continuous in the lower left abdomen with tenderness

2.fever due to infection,

3.nausea, vomiting,

4.cramping,

5.constipation

6.rectal tenderness

Diverticulitis can lead to:

1.Bleeding,
rare.
Bleeding can be severe caused by a small blood vessel in a diverticulum that weakens and finally bursts.
Surgery may be needed to stop bleeding if bleeding continues.

2.Abscess, Perforation, and Peritonitis
Often a few days of treatment with antibiotics will cure the diverticulitis.
If the infection gets worse, an abscess which is an infected area with pus may form in the colon.

Small abscesses usually clear up with antibiotics.

More severe abscesses may require drainage of the pus using a catheter.

If pus leaks from perforations in the lining of the colon, then it can cause infection in the abdominal cavity and results in peritonitis.

This is an emergency and requires immediate surgery to clean up the pus in the abdominal cavity and removal of the damaged part of the colon.

3.Intestinal Obstruction
The infection of the diverticula can cause scarring of the lining of the colon resulting in partial or total blockage of the large intestine.

If the obstruction blocks the intestine completely, emergency surgery is required to allow faecal matter to pass through.

A temporary colostomy may be necessary.

4.Fistula
occurs as an abnormal connection between two organs or between an organ and the skin.

It results from the damaged tissues coming together and an opening is left between the two tissues.

Usually the bladder, small intestine, vagina, and skin are the organs involved.

The most common fistula occurs between the bladder and the colon especially in men. This can cause a long-lasting infection of the urinary tract.

Surgery may be necessary to remove the fistula as well as the damaged part of the colon.

5.Urinary tract infections occurs frequently due to the fistula and proximity of the bladder to the infected colon.

6.Discharge of faecal material may occur through a fistula between the colon and vagina in some women.

Treatment of Diverticulosis is by:

Medication:
1.pain medications will relieve any pain symptoms.

2.Antispasmotic medication for spams of the colon

3.Antibiotics may be needed in diverticulitis and complications such as urinary infection and peritonitis.

Diet:
1.high-fiber diet

a.whole grain breads and cereals;
b.fruit like apples and peaches;
c.vegetables like carrots, broccoli, spinach, carrots, cabbage, beans.

2.fiber product such as Metamucil once a day.

3.Avoid nuts, popcorn, pumpkin, and sesame seeds or any food which can cause discomfort in the abdomen

Diverticulitis
1.Antibiotics to treat the infection and inflammation,

2.resting the colon by bed rest, nasogastric suction and a liquid diet

3.hospital stay to prevent complications such as abscess.

4.surgery if the attacks are severe or there are complications.
The surgeon resects the affected part of the colon and then joins the remaining sections.

Surgery is also done for complications such as a fistula or intestinal obstruction.

Emergency surgery may be done for a large abscess, perforation, peritonitis, or continued bleeding.

Prognosis of Diverticulosis is fair.

About 1% develop diverticulitis.
70% of patients with acute attacks of diverticulitis can be treated with medical management and have no further attacks

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